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This article provides details of one approach forevaluating whether to install low-pressure membranesas part of a water treatment plant (WTP) expansion.Even though the conventional WTP at the Modesto(California) Irrigation District (MID) was exceeding all stateand federal water quality requirements, the decisionwas made to switch to a new filtration technology forthe expansion. To verify the membranes' applicabilityand performance, the MID embarked on an extensivepilot testing program. It also evaluated options forresiduals handling and for treating membrane cleaningwastes.Even a well-operated conventional water treatmentplant can have good reasons to expand with a newertechnology, such as low-pressure membranes. For theMID, the anticipated regional population growth andlimited land for future water plant expansions, weresignificant reasons for expanding its conventionalwater plant with membranes.The authors have presented information that will beuseful for utility managers facing their own treatmentplant expansions by providing an example of oneapproach to evaluating a new technology for a plantexpansion. Water utilities can see how MID proceededwith evaluation of low-pressure membranes and howdecisions were made. They can also learn about thedesign considerations for ozone, residuals handling,and disposal of membrane cleaning wastes. Readerswill also be interested in the use of a siphon arrangementfor drawing water through the membranes, atechnique that will help to lower the overall energy useat the expanded facility. Includes 3 references, table, figures.

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Edition: Vol. 99 - No. 12 Published: 12/01/2007 Number of Pages: 9 File Size: 1 file , 560 KB