Full Description

The objective of this work was to examine the impact of raw water total organic carbon(TOC) concentration and alkalinity on the removal of the organic halide formationpotential of the water by enhanced coagulation. Enhanced coagulation is considered tobe the Best Available Technology (BAT) for the removal of disinfection byproduct(DBP) precursors. Enhanced coagulation is also mandated by the Stage 1Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts (D/DBP) Rule, whereby specific TOC removalrequirements are prescribed for the control of unidentified halogenated DBPs of potentialpublic health concern. Twenty-seven waters were obtained from different utilities acrossthe U.S.; three waters were obtained for each element of the 3x3 enhanced coagulationmatrix. Jar tests were performed on each of the waters to determine the requisite alumdose for TOC removal in accordance with the enhanced coagulation Guidance Manual.Each of the waters was then treated with the requisite alum dose for enhancedcoagulation, and the resulting settled waters, along with each of the raw waters, werechlorinated under uniform formation conditions. The chlorinated waters were analyzedfor total organic halides (TOX). The formation of TOX in the raw waters and theeffectiveness of coagulation for the removal of TOX formation potential were comparedfor each of the elements in the 3x3 enhanced coagulation matrix. Includes 23 references, tables, figures.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. - No. Published: 06/17/2005 Number of Pages: 19 File Size: 1 file , 1.4 MB